|
Friday, June 03, 2005
|
|
|
Governor Perry demonstrates his disdain for religious freedom, women, and gays in one sitting. Governor Perry of Texas is going to sign an anti-choice bill and an anti-gay marriage bill inside a Christian school, according to the Houston Chronicle.
This is a very exciting event for the wingnutteria, much like being a
kid in a candy store. Oh boy oh boy oh boy, which hate is the best
hate? It's so hard to decide--hate for sexually active girls, hate for
gays and lesbians, and hate for the American value of separating the
church and state. They are all very good forms of hate, all forms of
Christ-approved hate.
Back in the day, hating was a really time-consuming activity. You
had to hate women and gay men and people who don't believe in your
religion separately--maybe an hour being pissed at those women with
their cunts and their uteruses just making choices like they were free
and then another hour spent loathing gay men and imagining that they
were all having tons and tons of hot, hot anal sex and not inviting you
and then another hour hating people for not just falling lockstep into
your religion as thoughtlessly as you did. Man, sometimes you could get
up at 6AM and hate your way right through lunch, forgetting even to
eat.
Thank god for Governor Perry's innovative attempts to get all the
hate out of the way at once. Hating everyone different from you all at
once? Genius! Get it out of the way first thing in the day and you even
have time left over for bowling.
Frankly, I'm beginning to believe that pod people have taken over my
state with the express purpose of making all Texans look like assholes. [Pandagon]
9:34:52 PM
|
|
Urine
So this is the Friday evening seven p.m."bad news" dump:
American
jailers at the Guantanamo prison for foreign terrorism suspects
splashed a Koran with urine, kicked and stepped on the Islamic holy
book and soaked it with water, the U.S. military said on Friday.
U.S.
Southern Command, responsible for the prison at the U.S. naval base at
Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, described for the first time five cases of
"mishandling" of a Koran by U.S. personnel confirmed by a newly
completed military inquiry, officials said in a statement.
In
the incident involving urine, which took place this past March,
Southern Command said a guard left his post and urinated near an air
vent and "the wind blew his urine through the vent" and into a cell
block.
It said a detainee told guards the urine "splashed on him
and his Koran." The statement said the detainee was given a new prison
uniform and Koran, and that the guard was reprimanded and given duty in
which he had no contact with prisoners.
It may have been an accident but someone, somewhere, will die for this urine.
All
these indications hinting at the onset of a religious war make me
nervous. I've said this before but it's worth repeating: Most of us are
inbetween two religious armies, almost equally fanatic, and the armies
are coming at each other. Too bad that we are in the way of either. Too
bad that we are not allowed to stay out of this idiotic medieval
enterprise. Too bad that most of the victims of any religious violence
will consist of the uninvolved.
Can you spot that I slept poorly last night? Perhaps you should take some salt with this post.
[ECHIDNE OF THE SNAKES]
8:56:25 PM
|
|
Videos and photos of Abu Ghraib prison abuse ordered released by New York judge.
Larry Neumeister | New York | June 2
AP - A judge has ordered the government to release four videos from Abu
Ghraib prison and dozens of photographs from the same collection as
photos that touched off the Iraqi prisoner abuse scandal a year ago.
The federal judge issued the order late Wednesday requiring the Army to
release the material to the American Civil Liberties Union to comply
with the Freedom of Information Act. The ACLU said the material would
show that the abuse was "more than the actions of a few rogue
soldiers." Judge Alvin Hellerstein said the 144 pictures and videos can
be turned over in redacted form to protect the
[The Agonist]
8:55:42 PM
|
|
Pentagon details mishandling of Quran: Detainees' copies of holy book kicked, splashed with urine.
June 3 [7:49pm edt]
AP - The Pentagon on Friday released new details about mishandling of
the Quran at the Guantanamo Bay prison for terror suspects, confirming
that a soldier deliberately kicked the Muslim holy book and that an
interrogator stepped on a Quran and was later fired for "a pattern of
unacceptable behavior." In other confirmed incidents, water balloons
thrown by prison guards caused an unspecified number of Qurans to get
wet; a guard's urine came through an air vent and splashed on a
detainee and his Quran; and in a confirmed but ambiguous case a
two-word obscenity was written in English on the inside cover of a
Quran. The findings, released after normal business hours Friday
evening, are among the results of an investigation last month by Brig.
Gen. Jay Hood, the commander of the detention center in Cuba, that was
triggered by a Newsweek magazine report -- later retracted -- that a
U.S. soldier had flushed one Guantanamo Bay detainee's Quran down a
toilet. Paging Mr. Issikof, and the rest of "the liberal media." Howard
Fineman happens to be babbling a bit about that right now et on MSNBC,
is why I went to look for the article.
[The Agonist]
8:54:57 PM
|
|
Bulletin: U.S. Intel Misused.
BULLETIN: U.S. INTEL MISUSED....Knight Ridder, your best source for
non-bullshit coverage of U.S. intelligence activities, informs us that
Abu Musab al Zarqawi didn't visit Syria after all, despite loud reports
to the contrary two weeks ago:Three officials who said that...
[Political Animal]
8:53:47 PM
|
|
What a Dump!. Note the timestamp on this AP story.
The Pentagon dumps information into the Black Hole of News, after hours
on Friday night, hoping it will be quickly swept down and away as
though in the vortex of a, er, flushing toilet.
The Pentagon on Friday released new details about
mishandling of the Quran at the Guantanamo Bay prison...a guard’s urine
came through an air vent and splashed on a detainee and his Quran... [BOPnews]
8:52:13 PM
|
|
5:00 Friday Horror: Gitmo jailers pissed on the Koran
Well, 7:45:
American jailers at the Guantanamo prison for foreign terrorism
suspects splashed a Koran with urine, kicked and stepped on the Islamic
holy book and soaked it with water, the U.S. military said on Friday.
In the incident involving urine, which took place this past March,
Southern Command said a guard left his post and urinated near an air
vent and "the wind blew his urine through...
- Lambert
[corrente]
8:51:44 PM
|
|
Paul Revere A Despicable Tattletale, Says GOP.
Republicans today criticized Paul Revere for his famous ride, saying
that he had violated professional colonial ethics by divulging military
secrets in violation of his duty to his lord, the King of England.
"These were sensitive informations about military troop...
[Opinions You Should Have]
4:37:13 PM
|
|
Breaking Ranks With The Clueless.
There comes a time when a re-evaluation of an enterprise is required.
Should one find that a change is in order, one should take the
indicated action. One Republican has done that very thing: Andy Warren
quits GOP Republican Bucks...
[The Left Coaster]
4:36:43 PM
|
|
New UN report: chemical and biological weapons equipment missing in Iraq.
As we all know, by the time the current Iraq war started, there were no weapons of mass destruction to be found. However, the equipment that was used in Iraq's defunct biological and chemical weapons programs remained in storage at various locations around Iraq. Well, it looks like those sites have been looted. Big surprise: U.N.
satellite imagery experts have determined that material that could be
used to make biological or chemical weapons and banned long-range
missiles has been removed from 109 sites in Iraq, U.N. weapons
inspectors said in a report obtained Thursday. U.N. inspectors have
been blocked from returning to Iraq since the U.S.-led war in 2003 so
they have been using satellite photos to see what happened to the sites
that were subject to U.N. monitoring because their equipment had both
civilian and military uses. In the report to the U.N. Security
Council, acting chief weapons inspector Demetrius Perricos said he's
reached no conclusions about who removed the items or where they went.
He said it could have been moved elsewhere in Iraq, sold as scrap,
melted down or purchased. He said the missing material can be used for legitimate purposes. "However, they can also be utilized for prohibited purposes if in a good state of repair."
He said imagery analysts have identified 109 sites that have been
emptied of equipment to varying degrees, up from 90 reported in March. (Emphasis mine.) The article mentions goes into more detail about the missing equipment, and the potential "prohibited uses": Perricos
said analysts found, for example, that 53 of the 98 vessels that could
be used for a wide range of chemical reactions had disappeared. "Due to
its characteristics, this equipment can be used for the production of
both commercial chemicals and chemical warfare agents," he said. The
report said 3,380 valves, 107 pumps, and more than 7.8 miles of pipes
were known to have been located at the 39 chemical sites. A
third of the chemical items removed came from the Qaa Qaa industrial
complex south of Baghdad which the report said "was among the sites
possessing the highest number of dual-use production equipment," whose
fate is now unknown." Significant quantities of missing material were
also located at the Fallujah II and Fallujah III facilities north of
the city, which was besieged last year. Before the first
Gulf War in 1991, those facilities played a major part in the
production of precursors for Iraq's chemical warfare program. The percentages of missing biological equipment from 12 sites were much smaller -- no higher than 10 percent. The
report said 37 of 405 fermenters ranging in size from 2 gallons to
1,250 gallons had been removed. Those could be used to produce
pharmaceuticals and vaccines as well as biological warfare agents such
as anthrax. Damn those pesky UN folks, right George? They've just shown that the Iraq war has even worse implications than anyone would like to know.
[Daily Kos]
1:59:39 PM
|
|
Introducing a Nick Turse analysis of 'Rummy Rules,' Tom Engelhardt observes recent "brave slips of the tongue"
by both Defense Secretary Rumsfeld and Vice President Cheney, in
publicly referring to the "detainees" at Guantanamo as "prisoners of
war."
[Cursor.org]
1:58:52 PM
|
|
Sydney Blumenthal charges the Bush administration with 'harming the national interest'
in 'trying to make its gulag problem disappear by attacking Amnesty
International,' and a U.S. military commander at Guantanamo voices his
"frustration" at how the handling of detainees is portrayed by
"reporters that have not bothered to come here and look for themselves."
[Cursor.org]
1:57:50 PM
|
|
Irradiated Oil. To
drive a machine requires energy, the economic history of the West has
seen three major shifts in the energy basis over the last five
centuries. The first was the wind and water revolution, where
technological improvements allowed the increasingly efficient
harnessing of waterwheels and sails. The great leaps forward began with
the creation of the mathematical physics of Newton, and the fluid
mechanics of Borda,
which made it possible to design improved hulls and water wheels. This
would drive connecting more complex machines to water power, and open
greater trade through faster ships. The force of fluid, not steam,
drove early textile mills in England and America. It was the clipper
ship and not the steam engine that crossed the Pacific in the early
"China Trade".
[BOPnews]
11:14:47 AM
|
|
All the President's Gates:
Let's get somethin' cle...
All the President's Gates
:
Let's get somethin' clear here in all the nostalgia over Watergate, all
the wish-fulfillment over bringin' down a vile, evil, mad,
powermongering President: "Watergate," the historic event, wasn't about
break-ins, wiretaps, and cover-ups. Sure, yeah, yeah, that's what the
scandal itself was. But Watergate was really about the Vietnam War.
Nixon had been re-elected in a landslide, but as soon as the Watergate
burglars were convicted, his approval ratings
sank into the sewer below the toilet. And once that happened, it was feeding frenzy time.
Support for the war had drifted downward since the Tet Offensive (at
the end of Johnson's administration) and Nixon had betrayed the
public's trust by promising withdrawal, but instead escalating the war
and bombing Cambodia. (Why did Nixon win re-election? One reason is
because white people were afraid of the Black Power movement, but that
is a tale for another time.) In other words, Watergate was the way to
get back at the White House for the monumental fuck-up that was 'Nam
(and the Pentagon Papers had demonstrated how monumental that fuck-up
was). Nixon resigned and retreated in disgrace with his victory fingers
shoved up his own ass over the cover-up of the espionage shit, but that
was only because they were able to get him on that instead of the
greater crimes of Vietnam. So it's just goddamn funny to see all Nixon's lackeys out
there calling Deep Throat W. Mark Felt a "snake," a "traitor, and more.
Pat Buchanan, in his "column"
today (if by "column," you mean "the jowly yawps of insignificance from
a fascist cartoon balloon"), calls Felt "an FBI hack who was ratting
out President Nixon for passing him over as director." Buchanan excuses
Nixon using the same rationale that ratfucking scoundrels have used
since cavedwellers could belch out sounds: everybody else does it - we
just got caught: "Not one miscreancy committed by Nixon's men did not
have its antecedent in the White Houses of JFK or LBJ. But they got
away with it." It's like saying that other frats gang rape passed out
coeds all the time and no one rats them out; but we Dekes rape one
Tri-Sig and we get sent to jail. In the end, it doesn't matter (as the Rude Pundit said
earlier this week). In a perfect world, crimes ought to be judged on
their own intrinsic harm, whistleblowers' lives and motives ought to be
insignificant, and the evil ought to be punished. Nixon had to be
dragged up to the Capitol Rotunda and, before the statue of George
Washington, sliced open, his cold guts spilled on the floor, like a
worthless sacrifice at the end of Mayan civilization. We had to believe
the gods needed to be appeased. We had to believe they were appeased.
We were wrong, just as the Mayans were wrong to believe the crops would
flourish because virgin blood nourished the earth and a heart was
burned in honor of absent deities.
There's many reasons why the
Downing Street Memo
has gotten
so little attention
in America beyond Left Blogsylvania, despite the fact that it says that
the Bush administration "fixed" the intelligence around its desire to
bomb the living shit out of Iraq, "fixed" it like a cheap mafia thug
fixes a warehouse boxing match. We could point to the corporate media,
the post-Rather memo fake-out, and more. But remember: the Pentagon
Papers were published in the middle of 1971. Nixon still got over 60%
of the popular vote and 520 electoral votes in 1972. The Rude Pundit thinks this: the American public, in
growing numbers, knows in its heart that they've been lied to, just
like in Vietnam, and that Americans are being killed for those lies,
just like in Vietnam. But fear is a powerful thing: deep,
psychological, repressed fear - that if the truth is not held back,
then the monsters of anarchy must be unleashed. It is better to take
down a President for something a great deal more prosaic than war
crimes and mass murder. Because what does it say about us if our leader
is guilty of such things?
Which is why the Rude Pundit believes, hopes beyond
rational hope, that other 'Gates are going to develop around George W.
Bush, 'Gates that will move in tighter and tighter until they become
increasingly strangling. And that's why this is a very interesting little development
in the Jack Abramoff scandal: it seems that the White House was allowed
to be used to fundraise for Abramoff's and Grover Norquist's various
causes/pocketbooks.
Ahhh, the sweet relief of dirty money. Now there's something we can actually get our heads around.
- Rude One
[The Rude Pundit]
11:13:22 AM
|
|
May Jobs Report
The
May employment report
released this morning by the BLS is quite disappointing:
Nonfarm
employment edged up by 78,000 in May following a much larger increase
in April, and the unemployment rate was essentially unchanged at 5.1
percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor
reported today. Payroll employment continued to grow over the month in
health care and construction, but was little changed in the other major
industry sectors.
Unfortunately, it still seems that the strong jobs reports that crop up sporadically (like
last month's report
) remain more the exception than the rule.
More analysis of this report to follow.
- Kash
[ Angry Bear]
8:02:03 AM
|
|
They still don't get it.
The BBC concludes that the US and the UK are still at a loss to explain
what is going on in Iraq. I concur. They are operating on flawed
assumptions and old models. Their pet theories shift daily. Given
the...
[John Robb's Weblog]
8:00:52 AM
|
|
Fewer Perverts, Please
This is what Ted Turner asks of the U.S. news reporters:
Mr
Turner told staff at a celebration of CNN's 25th anniversary that he
had tried to create a channel that would eschew the "trivial news"
liked by local stations in favour of international coverage.
"I
would like to see us return to a little more international coverage on
the domestic feed and a little more environmental coverage and, maybe,
a little less of the pervert of the day," he told staff in Atlanta.
Ted
Turner no longer owns CNN so what he says has only symbolic meaning. I
doubt that we can get rid of talking about perverts, even if all the
newscasts focus only on U.S. politics...
[ECHIDNE OF THE SNAKES]
7:20:28 AM
|
|
If He Was So Bad, Why Doesn't Bush Give Him A Medal Of Freedom?
Is there anything more
laughable than a pair of fools like Freidman and Brooks extolling the
poverty of the Third World as an antidote to those spoiled rich kids in
Europe with all their outdated perks? (Brooks' "It is happier to live
in a poor country that is moving forward - where expectations are high
- than it is to live in an affluent country that is looking back" is
particularly delicious;
- Riggsveda
[corrente]
7:19:40 AM
|
|
EU Politics.
Hmm. I wasn't surprised by the French and Dutch no votes on EU
expansion. The reason? Economic integration is a trend. Political
fragmentation is a trend. Superstates are evolutionary oddities --
creatures with outsized heads, claws, and fangs that doom...
[John Robb's Weblog]
7:16:10 AM
|
|
12,000 Dead in Iraq
Yeah, they control Baghdad
Iraq Puts Civilian Toll at 12,000
Insurgency Claiming About 20 People a Day
By Ellen Knickmeyer
Washington Post Foreign Service
Friday, June 3, 2005; Page A01
BAGHDAD, June 2 -- Violence in the course of the 18-month-long
insurgency has claimed the lives of 12,000 Iraqis, Interior Minister
Bayan Jabr said Thursday, giving the first official count for the
largest category of victims of bombings, ambushes and other
increasingly deadly attacks.
At least 36 more Iraqi civilians, security
force members and officials were killed Thursday in attacks that
underscored the ruthlessness and growing randomness of much of the
violence. The day's victims included 12 people killed when a suicide
attacker drove a vehicle loaded with explosives into a restaurant near
the northern city of Kirkuk.
In Baghdad, gunmen opened fire on a market area crowded with civilians, killing nine, the Defense Ministry said.
The U.S. military reported that two soldiers were killed Wednesday, by
a bomb and by small-arms fire, in the western city of Ramadi.
Thursday's violence demonstrated the ability
of insurgents to keep up attacks despite a week-old security operation
in Baghdad billed as the most aggressive yet by Iraq's new government,
in office for less than two months.
The
checkpoints and raids that leaders have dubbed Operation Lightning have
brought all roads in and out of the capital under government control,
said Jabr, the minister in charge of Iraq's police forces. The actions
are meant to expose insurgent hideouts in the city, he told reporters
from some foreign news organizations, adding, "Within the next few
months, we can deal with all of the killings and assassinations
Just noting the lies...
[The News Blog]
1:04:35 AM
|
|
Ours is not a gulag.
Listen up, this week's right wing talking point is improvisational.
Your job is to act outraged, horrified, shocked, and dismayed that
Amnesty International described Guantanamo Bay as "the gulag of our
times." Unfortunately, from a marketing perspective, "We aren't
running...
[Majikthise]
12:05:38 AM
|
|
Ruin and lie
Brandon Hughey (R), a 19-year old American soldier
who came to Canada in March 2004 to avoid fighting
in what he considers an illegal war in Iraq,
Wreck It and Run
by William S. Lind
Among the many unhappy developments in American industry in recent
decades has been the advent of "wreck it and run" management. A small
coterie of senior managers takes over a company and makes a brilliant
show of short-term profits while actually driving the business into the
ground. They bail out just before it crashes, cashing in their stock
options as they go, and leave the employees, ordinary stockholders, and
customers holding an empty bag.
It is increasingly clear that
under Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, the U.S. armed forces have
also been taken over by "wreck it and run" management. When Rumsfeld
leaves office, what will his successor inherit?
A volunteer military without
volunteers. The Army missed its active-duty recruiting goal in April by
almost half. Guard and Reserve recruiting are collapsing. Retention
will do the same as "stop loss" orders are lifted. The reason,
obviously, is the war in Iraq. Parents don't want to be the first one
on their block to have their kid come home in a box.
The world's largest pile of
wrecked and worn-out military equipment (maybe second-largest if we
remember the old Soviet Navy). I'm talking about basic stuff here:
trucks, Humvees, personnel carriers, crew-served weapons, etc. This is
gear the Rumsfeld Pentagon hates to spend money on, because it does not
represent "transformation" to the hi-tech, video-game warfare it
wrongly sees as the future. So far, deploying units have made up their
deficiencies by robbing units that are not deploying, often National
Guard outfits. But that stock has about run out, and some of the
stripped units are now facing deployment themselves, minus their gear.
While the wingnuts take Max Boot seriously, people who want real thinking read Bill Lind.
I'll say this: the future of warfare was glimpsed in Somalia in 1993
and things have not changed much, except we invaded a country with
enough weapons to arm every male adult.
The US Army needs to work, for both social and
security reasons. It is one of the largest educational institutions in
the world. It pays for millions of dollars of civilian education for
its personnel. Those people often return to civilian life far better
educated when they left it. When you cripple the Army, you do far more
than cripple the warmaking power of the United States.
For 200 years, the Army has provided a tool for
social promotion and education. Because of the Iraq War, many people
who would have gained skills and benefitted from seeing the world, will
instead avoid military service.
Bush and Rumsfeld have never gotten past the
Central Front of Germany. The American Army needs a radically different
philosophy on dealing with threats which relies on a much better
defined use of small arms and more infantry, as well as much better
training for support personnel. The current plans for the Army are as
bad as the Pentonic organization of the 1950's which did away with the
traditional structure of company, battalion, brigade, division for five
mid-sized groups. This idiotic scheme was soon tossed aside.
The next President and Congress will have a
herculean task in reforming the Army. The Cold War may gave ended in
1989, but the US Army is still refusing to face the micro nature of
warfare, not realizing the greatest threat a US soldier will face in
the next few decades is not Iranian nukes, but an armed guerrilla with
an automatic rifle riding in a pickup.
[The News Blog]
12:03:13 AM
|
|
A lie which will not die
Our ancestors did not fight for
the South
http://www.knoxnews.com/kns/opinion_columnists/article/0,1406,KNS_364_3709883,00.html
Jefferson Davis (1808-1899), president of the Confederacy, made a
statement that may have colored the views of his men in the field. On
Dec. 23, 1862, he had words for Gen. Benjamin Franklin Butler
(1818-1893), who was in command of the Union troops in New Orleans and
had armed his black soldiers.
Said Davis: "All commissioned officers in the
command of Benjamin F. Butler are not declared entitled to be
considered as soldiers engaged in honorable warfare, but as robbers,
and criminals, deserving death; and that they, each of them, be
whenever captured, reserved for execution."
He further stated that private soldiers and
noncommissioned officers be considered regular prisoners of war. He
said that all captured slaves be delivered to the authority of the
state in which they lived. Often that did not happen.
Some commanders in the field did things their
own way. Col. James S. Brisbin reported that, when he and his troops
left Bean Station, Tenn., in the winter of 1864 to destroy the salt
works in Virginia, Confederate troops followed them, captured lagging
soldiers and butchered them.
Said he: "For the last two days a force of
Confederate cavalry, under Witcher, had been following our command and
picking up stragglers and worn out horses in the rear. Part of our
troops were Negroes and those Confederates killed them as fast as they
caught them, laying the dead bodies by the roadside with pieces of
paper pinned to their clothing 'this is the way we treat all (n - - - -
-) soldiers who fight against the south.' We did not know what had been
going on in our rear until we turned about to go back to Wytheville."
Many captured black Union soldiers
were hanged, buried alive, put before a firing squad, nailed by their
hands to posts or locked in barns and burned alive. Indeed, a few black
Rebels carried weapons, but they were not issued by their government.
In fact, the Confederate government began debating whether to arm black
soldiers in December 1864 to reinforce their depleted ranks. Even Gen.
Robert E. Lee (1807-1870), commander of Confederate forces, favored
arming black Rebels.
Many members of Confederate Congress denounced
Lee for his views and on Feb. 9, 1865, voted down a resolution that
would have freed 200,000 slaves and put them in the army. The
Confederate Senate continued to postpone or defeat the proposal until
it finally approved it on March 9, 1865. It was too late. Lee
surrendered April 9, 1865, exactly one month later.
I don't know why the Civil War was fought, and
I won't offer any guesses. I don't know the real reasons for fighting
in Iraq. I do know that we go to fight where our leaders send us. Some
of us even believe the attending propaganda. Some slaves did, too.
Yes, there were few free blacks who fought
with the South. Maybe they were told that the Yankees had weapons of
mass destruction that would disintegrate their shacks, poison their
food crops and ruin their cotton fields. Rather than risk being
homeless, hungry and naked, they went off to war. Their greatest insult
is that Black History Month ignores them?
The
Union Army enlisted 179,000 blacks. The Confederacy had ONE company of
black troops at the end of the Civil War. The idea that the Confederate
forces were integrated in any way shape or form beggers the mind. This
was a war or racial subjugation. It would be like looking for the
Jewish units who fought for Hitler. They don't exist, nor do organized
units which fought for the Confederacy.
The
reason this lie has to exist is because without it, all the Confederate
kitsch and ancestor worship will be revealed for the racist tribute it
really is.
I watched
this girl who wanted to attend her prom in a Confederate dress make
this very claim. No one wanted to call her a liar who had racial
motives. Because racists use this to hide their agenda. If blacks
fought to stay slaves it wasn't all that bad. Of course, reality was
quite different. Blacks enlisted in massive numbers as soon as the
Union would take them. Anything else is fiction.
[The News Blog]
12:01:05 AM
|
|
|
|
© Copyright
2005
Michael Mussington.
Last update:
7/1/2005; 6:37:25 AM.
|
|
|